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James Duhig is a towering figure over Brisbane’s past. Queensland had a large Catholic representation in the population from early Irish migration, but also from much later migration from European, Asian, and African countries with significant Catholic traditions. Duhig’s impact was a connection between the Catholic population and his extraordinary skills as a church administrator, combined with the extraordinary length of time in his authority of Archbishop. The era of that long time also aided to the impact, when a sectarian Brisbane ethos meant that the ‘Protestant’ population could hardly ignore a powerful Catholic figure like Duhig. His background would strengthen his ties, or enhance controversy. Duhig was born in Limerick, Ireland, but had arrived in Queensland, at a young age, to be educated at the Irish Christian Brothers’ College of St Joseph’s, Gregory Terrace. Duhig then studied for the priesthood at the Urban University of Propaganda Fide. Outside of his conventional Catholic theology for the times, Duhig was influential in the acculturation of Brisbane to an overoptimistic urban development and land settlement policies. Unsurprisingly, he was also an important source of Catholic social conservatism, finding his polemic in blaming the cinema for lack of cohesion in family life and for the ‘perversion of the young’. As a brilliant statesman, as well as the church politician, he knew the art of charm. It particularly helped that Duhig was a genuine patron of the arts, having cultivated a love of art and literature from an early age. Source: mappingbrisbanehistory.com.au/history-location/035-james-....

Holy Name Cathedral was a planned but never-built Roman Catholic cathedral for the city of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Designed by Hennessy, Hennessy & Co, initially in an English Baroque style inspired by St Paul's in London, it was intended to have been the largest church building of any Christian denomination in the Southern Hemisphere. James Duhig, the Archbishop of Brisbane, was the chief proponent of the project. First designed in 1925, building began in 1927 and in the 1930s services were held in the crypt chapel on the site, the only part to be built. No further construction took place, and with Duhig's death in 1965 the project lost its impetus, but was not formally abandoned until the 1970s. The archdiocese sold the site to property developers in 1985, the crypt was demolished and an apartment complex was built on the site. Today the perimeter wall along Ann Street and part of Gotha Street are all that remain, and were heritage-listed in 1992. Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Name_Cathedral,_Brisbane

The basic problem Italian migrants are facing, in their religious life, is the fact that in Australia they find a Catholic Church which does not have the language and religious mentality and practices of the Catholic Church they left in Italy; but they find a Catholic Church which has the customs, traditions and practices of the Irish Catholic. Church. For many years, the only Significant Catholic group in Australia was the Irish. The Irish people, since their first arrival, were under the care of a sufficient number of zealous priests, sisters and brothers. From their own resources, without any government aid, they built up the parish and school system. These two institutions successfully helped transmit the Catholic faith from one generation to the next and develop the Australian Catholic Church. Source: "Australian Parishes and Italian Immigrants ' by Giuseppe Visentin library.bsl.org.au/bsljspui/bitstream/1/11648/1/visenting...

" A pretty scene fresh water", says the writing in the photo.

Henry HACKER (1876-1973) Henry Hacker Born Walthamstow, Essex, England, son of a surgical instrument maker. Early experience at British Museum. Arrived in Australia late 1890s and went gold prospecting and insect collecting in WA, SA, and NQ, often traveling long distances by bicycle. Supplied Coleoptera to many Australian taxonomists. Fought in Boer War 1900-1901. Farmed on Mulgrave River in NQ 1909-10 and was a neighbor to butterfly collector, Conrad Kelsall. Sold 6000 Coleoptera to Berlin Museum in 1910. Appointed insect curator at Queensland Museum 1911. Magnificent collector with great knowledge of habits and life histories. Built the QM research collections and made links with taxonomists around the world. Developed QM's public displays of insects. Skilled insect photographer. Published mainly on Hemiptera and Hymenoptera. Joined many of Perkins' UQ field trips. Seconded in 1929 to the Dept. of Agric. and Stock insect collection and served there until retirement in 1943, working 1-2 days per week at QM. Kept bees at his Herston home and became apiary inspector at the time of the foul brood outbreak in 1931. In retirement sold an extensive collection of Hemiptera to American hemipterous, Carl Drake, whose collection went to the Smithsonian. Hacker was a founding member of the Entomological Society of Queensland in 1923, serving on the first Council for 11 years, President in 1934, and Honorary Life Member from 1943. Source: www.esq.org.au/archive/HIstoricalPages/HackerH.html

If you’re visiting the Cairns and Port Douglas region in summer, you absolutely must check out some of our freshwater swimming spots as well as the iconic Great Barrier Reef. These are where the locals go to cool off and some, like Mossman Gorge, receive large numbers of tourists too. Families visit these jungle swimming holes because they are widely considered safe, there are no crocodiles or marine stingers here, (we hope!), and they are stunningly beautiful. Swimming in crystal clear, freshwater, deep in the jungle rainforest, surrounded by fish, is a bucket list experience. A series of photos and brief words about some of the swimming holes, waterfalls, and swimming lakes near Port Douglas and Cairns, the Daintree and Tablelands, in Far North Queensland Australia. Source: worldtravelfamily.com/fresh-water-swimming-spots-around-c...

No one knows precisely when the first Chinese arrived in Australia. There were certainly some within the first 50 years of the colony and the 'Australian People' records at least 18 Chinese settlers before 1848. Two of the earliest known were domestic servants of Rev John Dunmore Lang in the 1820s. Before the goldrush swelled their numbers, most Chinese were brought over as servants, artisans, or general laborers, and were welcomed in heavily under-populated Australia. In the early days, the Chinese worked at all kinds of jobs: shepherds, farmers, hawkers, shopkeepers, cooks, artisans, boatmen, fishermen, and general labourers. Their major contribution, however, was in opening up the country. Using sweat and muscle, they cleared the bush and readied it for the farmer. They had traditional skills in managing water and land. They dug wells and irrigation ditches, introduced vegetables, fruits and crops, and turned desert areas into gardens of plenty. During the days of the gold rush period, some mining towns like Ballarat used Chinese as the second language of commerce. The town was practically bilingual, with everything from street signs to newspapers in both languages. Around the nation, Chinese stores, and restaurants, laundries, and furniture makers contributed to Australia's development. In the early years of the twentieth century, Chinese greengrocers and fruiterers had done well, especially in the wholesale and retail banana trade. They pioneered the banana industry of north Queensland, which was particularly strong in the Cairns-Townsville area. The bananas were then transported to the more populous regions and so began a vigorous trade with the southern cities from the 1890s. Some of the largest fruit companies in Sydney, such as the Wing Sang and Wing On, were formed at this time, and the Chinese fruiterer, Geraldton (named after its base in Queensland, later known as Innisfail), had outlets in Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide and Perth. While the number of Chinese fruiterers in both New South Wales and Victoria in 1901 was just 531, the lucrative banana trade brought prosperity to the Chinese Communities of Sydney and Melbourne. After 1901, some Chinese in Sydney developed banana plantations in Fiji, and the Song On Tiy company, founded by the Wing Sang, Wing On, and Wing Tiy stores, soon had 350 acres in Fiji growing bananas. Some 10,000 bunches were shipped fortnightly to Sydney. Chinese traders held over half of the banana trade in both Sydney and Melbourne in the 1900s, and also distributed the fruit to country towns. Competition between Chinese growers and traders was keen, but with the average price for a bunch of Queensland bananas in 1899 at two shillings, rewards were high. The Wing Sang is said to have netted £36,000 sterling annually just from the Queensland banana trade. The success of the Chinese later stimulated increased Australian cultivation in northern Queensland, but the Chinese remained dominant until the First World War. Source: www.multiculturalaustralia.edu.au/doc/yimei_1.pdf