farnorthqueensland

This was the first mission on Cape York Peninsula, and became the oldest surviving mission in north Queensland. It was initiated by Lutheran staff from Cooper Creek (South Australia) who established Elim and it became a stable community with the assignment of two young Neuendettelsau missionaries, Schwarz and Poland who stayed for 55 and 20 years respectively and added the Hope Valley site. The whole community was evacuated during World War II, because of its German missionary and lugger connections with Japanese. After the war Hope Vale was established on a new site. Outspoken and indomitable Missionary Schwarz is still remembered at Hope Vale which has remained a cohesive community and is home of a number of active and high profile indigenous activists. Source: missionaries.griffith.edu.au/qld-mission/cape-bedford-mis...

Looking very much unstable

" Indigenous knowledge and manipulation of plants is neither simple nor pre-agricultural, and can only be understood by detailed study of the particular cultural and biological systems within which they operate. These patterns can be extremely dynamic and can affect both people, and the environment through occupational continuity. Most importantly, some plant communities may have been not merely modified by Created by Aboriginal cultural activity. Aboriginal interaction with plants are the outcome of strategies that include not only physical resource exploitation but as well systems of locality and territoriality that recognize ties between particular individuals and groups and particular home environments." Source: Plants, Sites and Domiculture: Aboriginal Influence upon Plant Communities in Cape York Peninsula R. A. Hynes and A. K. Chase, 1982 www.jstor.org/stable/40386578